This wiki page allows you to record the results of your network configuration exercise. You may need to refer to the configuration handout to complete this document.

Answer all questions based on the host that you are configuring in the lab. Edit this wiki page directly to insert your answers. You will probably find this most convenient to do at the same time as you perform the configuration. Where requested, please include listings of the actual configuration files and command outputs directly in the document. Placeholders have been provided for this purpose. Please follow the formatting hints given in the text.

When the exercise is complete you should sign and submit it in for marking. Deadline for completion is the start of the lab on the last week of this term.

This exercise is worth 20% of the module marks.

Which Linux command gives you information about your computer's name on the network?

Answer (delete as appropriate):

 hostname 

Use the command selected in Question 1 to determine your host computer's name? What is the name?

Answer:

 europa

Which configuration file would you need to edit to change your computer's name on the network?

Your answer (one of):

/etc/hostname 

Which linux command gives you information on your host's network settings?

Answer one of:

ifconfig 

Use the command selected in Question 4 to complete the following table:

Comment: Frame layer prototcol is Ethernet! MTU is “maximum transmission unit”!

How many hosts can the sub-net defined by your host's netmask support?

Answer one of:

254 

What class of network is the sub-net to which your host has been assigned?

Answer one of:

Class C 

Answer the following questions about your network configuration. Please copy and paste the contents of the files identified in Questions 8 and 11 to your submission.

In which file is the configuration of your Network Interface Controller (NIC) configured?

Answer one of:

/etc/network/interfaces 

Please include a listing of the file chosen in answer to Question 8:

selcuk@europa:~$ cat /etc/network/interfaces

auto eth0
iface eth0 inet static
address 192.168.2.3
network 192.168.2.0
netmask	255.255.255.0
gateway 192.168.2.1

What is the IP address of the host which serves as the default gateway for your network?

Answer:

192.168.2.1

What is the hostname of the gateway interface?

Answer:

jupiter

In which file is the symbolic names of the networks, hosts and interfaces available on the network defined?

Answer one of:

/etc/hosts 

Please include a listing of the file chosen in answer to Question 11: <cli prompt=“$” comment=“#”>

selcuk@europa:~$ cat /etc/hosts

127.0.0.1	europa	localhost.localdomain	localhost
127.0.1.1	europa

192.168.1.1	solaris.icct.com	solaris inet-gateway
192.168.1.2	venus.icct.com		venus www

##### JUPITER CLUSTER ###########
192.168.1.3	gw-jupiter.icct.com	gw-planets jupiter-if1
192.168.2.1	jupiter.icct.com	jupiter	jupiter-if2
192.168.2.2	callisto.jupiter.icct.com	callisto
192.168.2.3	europa.jupiter.icct.com		europa
192.168.2.4	ganymede.jupiter.icct.com	ganymede

##### SATURN CLUSTER #########
192.168.1.4	gw-saturn.icct.com	gw-saturn saturn-if1
192.168.3.1	saturn.icct.com		saturn saturn-if2
192.168.3.2	dione.saturn.icct.com	dione
192.168.3.3	tethys.saturn.icct.com	tethys	
192.168.3.4	titan.saturn.icct.com	titan	

</cli>

What is the symbolic name of your network's gateway interface?

Answer:

jupiter.icct.com   jupiter	jupiter-if2

What is the purpose of the Gateway interface?

Answer:

Gateway interface is standard way for a Web server to pass a Web user's request to an application program and to receive data back to forward to the user.

Nope I think you are confusing this with C-GI!

Which linux command shows the routing table for your host?

Answer:

route

Run the command identified in Question 14 and reproduce its output here.

Answer

<cli prompt=“$” comment=“#”> selcuk@europa:~$ route

Kernel IP routing table
Destination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags Metric Ref    Use Iface
jupiter-net     *               255.255.255.0   U     0      0        0 eth0
link-local      *               255.255.0.0     U     1000   0        0 eth0
default         jupiter.icct.co 0.0.0.0         UG    100    0        0 eth0

</cli>

How many interfaces (NICs) must a router have?

Answer one of:

2

Which system feature must be turned on if you want a Linux host to act as a router?

Answer: enable forwarding

Which run-time command can be used to make a Ubuntu Linux host act as a router?

Answer:

echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward

In which file is the setting defined in Question 17 set if you want a Ubuntu host to be configured as a router at boot-time?

Answer:

/etc/network/options

Reproduce the contents of the file defined in Question 17 to make a Ubuntu host into a router?

Answer

ip_forward=yes
spoofprotect=yes

Comment: Only first is really needed for this feature. The second line is for additional security.

What setting has been added to the network configuration file to define a route to icct-net from your sub-network's cluster-server?

Answer:

up	route add -net 192.168.3.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 gw 192.168.1.4
down	route del -net 192.168.3.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 gw 192.168.1.4

The Linux command netstat gives a lot of useful information on your network. In the following 3 questions, reproduce the output of various usages of netstat. You should annotate your results with a brief explanation of what they mean. You may need to print the output and attach to the submission.

Give and explain the output of the command netstat -r.

Displays the kernel routing table in the way we've been doing with route

Answer <cli prompt=“$” comment=“#”> user@host:~$ netstat -r Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags MSS Window irtt Iface jupiter-net * 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 link-local * 255.255.0.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 default jupiter.icct.co 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0

</cli>

Add your explanation here.

Give and explain the output of the command netstat -i.

netstat -i display the interface table.

Answer <cli prompt=“$” comment=“#”> user@host:~$ netstat -i Kernel Interface table Iface MTU Met RX-OK RX-ERR RX-DRP RX-OVR TX-OK TX-ERR TX-DRP TX-OVR Flg eth0 1500 0 11748 0 0 0 9654 0 0 0 BMRU lo 16436 0 12 0 0 0 12 0 0 0 LRU

</cli>

Add your explanation here.

Give and explain the output of the command netstat -ta.

 Displays all active TCP connections and the TCP and UDP ports on the computer

Answer <cli prompt=“$” comment=“#”> user@host:~$ netstat -ta Active Internet connections (servers and established) Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State tcp 0 0 europa:ipp *:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 europa.jupiter.ic:39654 server77-68-39-12.l:www ESTABLISHED tcp 0 0 europa.jupiter.ic:37314 lhr14s02-in-f104.1e:www ESTABLISHED tcp 0 0 europa.jupiter.ic:39653 server77-68-39-12.l:www TIME_WAIT tcp 0 0 europa.jupiter.ic:39659 server77-68-39-12.l:www TIME_WAIT tcp6 0 0 localhost:ipp [::]:* LISTEN </cli>

Add your explanation here.

Install, if necessary, the traceroute command then answer the following two questions.

Give the output of traceroute from your host to any host on one of the other ICCT networks.

Answer <cli prompt=“$” comment=“#”> selcuk@europa:~$ traceroute titan traceroute to titan (192.168.3.4), 30 hops max, 60 byte packets 1 jupiter.icct.com (192.168.2.1) 1.293 ms 1.275 ms 1.263 ms 2 jupiter.icct.com (192.168.2.1) 3010.181 ms !H 3010.180 ms !H 3010.170 ms !H

</cli>

Give the output of traceroute from your host to www.swan.ac.uk

Answer <cli prompt=“$” comment=“#”> selcuk@europa:~$ traceroute www.swan.ac.uk traceroute to www.swan.ac.uk (137.44.1.7), 30 hops max, 60 byte packets 1 jupiter.icct.com (192.168.2.1) 0.885 ms 0.872 ms 0.861 ms 2 * * * 3 * * * 4 * * * 5 * * * 6 * * * 7 * * * 8 * * * 9 * * * 10 * * * 11 * * * 12 * * * 13 * * * 14 * * * 15 * * * 16 * * * 17 * * * 18 * * * 19 * * * 20 * * * 21 * * * 22 * * * 23 * * * 24 * * * 25 * * * 26 * * * 27 * * * 28 * * * 29 * * * 30 * * * </cli>

The router ignoring the pings.

A new sub-network engineering-net (192.168.10.0/24) is to be added to the ICCT network. Host engineering (192.168.10.1/32) is a cluster server for this new network. Give the settings needed to set up this host as a router to icct-net, jupiter-net, and saturn-net and a gateway for engineering-net.

Answer

For all of the computer we have to edit the /etc/hosts and add;

192.168.10.1 engineering.swan-icct.ac.uk gw-engineering engineering-if2

If there are some clients in the engineering network we have to define them also. In my example I have one client on engineering network (client.swan-icct.ac.uk with ip 192.168.10.3 so add the client also on etc/hosts file ;

192.168.10.3 client.swan-icct.ac.uk client

Which other files would you need to modify to correctly set up this new router?

Answer

Summarize the changes that you would you need to make to your host's network configuration to have the new engineering sub-network recognized?

Answer

Which other files would you need to modify to fully configure your host to recognizes the new engineering sub-network?

Answer

I here by submit this work for marking.

SELCUK GORGULU