This wiki page allows you to record the results of your network configuration exercise. You may need to refer to the configuration handout to complete this document.

Answer all questions based on the host that you are configuring in the lab. Edit this wiki page directly to insert your answers. You will probably find this most convenient to do at the same time as you perform the configuration. Where requested, please include listings of the actual configuration files and command outputs directly in the document. Placeholders have been provided for this purpose. Please follow the formatting hints given in the text.

When the exercise is complete you should sign and submit it in for marking. Deadline for completion is the start of the lab on the last week of this term.

This exercise is worth 20% of the module marks.

Which Linux command gives you information about your computer's name on the network?

Answer (delete as appropriate):

  hostname 

Use the command selected in Question 1 to determine your host computer's name? What is the name?

Answer:

callisto

Which configuration file would you need to edit to change your computer's name on the network?

Your answer (one of):

  /etc/hostname 

Which linux command gives you information on your host's network settings?

Answer one of:

 ifconfig 

Use the command selected in Question 4 to complete the following table:

How many hosts can the sub-net defined by your host's netmask support?

Answer one of:

254 

What class of network is the sub-net to which your host has been assigned?

Answer one of:

Class C 

Answer the following questions about your network configuration. Please copy and paste the contents of the files identified in Questions 8 and 11 to your submission.

In which file is the configuration of your Network Interface Controller (NIC) configured?

Answer one of:

/etc/network/interfaces

Please include a listing of the file chosen in answer to Question 8:

auto eth0

iface eth0 inet static
address 192.168.2.2
network 192.168.2.0
netmask 255.255.255.0
gateway 192.168.2.1

auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

What is the IP address of the host which serves as the default gateway for your network?

Answer:

192.168.2.1

What is the hostname of the gateway interface?

Answer:

Solaris

In which file is the symbolic names of the networks, hosts and interfaces available on the network defined?

Answer one of:

  /etc/hosts 

Please include a listing of the file chosen in answer to Question 11:

127.0.0.1       callisto        localhost.localdomain   localhost
# /etc/hosts -- Hosts file for ICCT Private network
#
# IP          FQDN                       aliases
#
127.0.0.1     localhost.localdomain      localhost myhost
#
192.168.1.1   solaris.icct.co            solaris inet-gateway
192.168.1.2   venus.icct.com             venus www
#
# Jupiter cluster
#
192.168.1.3   gw-jupiter.icct.com        gw-planets jupiter-if1
192.168.2.1   jupiter.icct.com           jupiter jupiter-if2
192.168.2.2   callisto.jupiter.icct.com  callisto
192.168.2.3   europa.jupiter.icct.com    europa
192.168.2.4   ganymede.jupiter.icct.com  ganymede
#
# Saturn cluster
#
192.168.1.4   gw-saturn.icct.com         gw-saturn saturn-if1
192.168.3.1   saturn.icct.com            saturn saturn-if2
192.168.3.2   mimas.saturn.icct.com      mimas
192.168.3.3   titan.saturn.icct.com      titan
#
# Add other hosts/clusters below here
# (we'll use this to add virtual hosts to the web-server in a later
# lab exercise)


# The following lines are desirable for IPv6 capable hosts
::1     localhost ip6-localhost ip6-loopback
fe00::0 ip6-localnet
ff00::0 ip6-mcastprefix
ff02::1 ip6-allnodes
ff02::2 ip6-allrouters
ff02::3 ip6-allhosts

What is the symbolic name of your network's gateway interface?

Answer:

Jupiter

What is the purpose of the Gateway interface?

Answer:

The purpose of Gateway Interface is respond to request by returning output. Every time server receive a request,
it analyse what request  ask for and send back the output.  

Which linux command shows the routing table for your host?

Answer:

 
route -n

Run the command identified in Question 14 and reproduce its output here.

Answer

<cli prompt=“$” comment=“#”> user@callisto:~$ route -n

estination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 192.168.2.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 169.254.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 U 1000 0 0 eth0 0.0.0.0 192.168.2.1 0.0.0.0 UG 100 0 0 eth0 </cli>

How many interfaces (NICs) must a router have?

Answer one of:

2 

Which system feature must be turned on if you want a Linux host to act as a router?

IP forwarding

Which run-time command can be used to make a Ubuntu Linux host act as a router?

icct@myhost:~$ sudo sh -c “echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward”

In which file is the setting defined in Question 17 set if you want a Ubuntu host to be configured as a router at boot-time?

Answer:

# /etc/network/options

Answer # /etc/network/options - for ICCT network # set ip_forward=yes if you need to set # up a machine with two network interface cards # as a router ip_forward=yes spoofprotect=yes syncookies=no

What setting has been added to the network configuration file to define a route to icct-net from your sub-network's cluster-server?

Answer: # Interface in icct-net does the routing, # so needs to know about the rest of the network.

auto eth0
iface eth0 inet static
address 192.168.1.3
netmask 255.255.255.0
gateway 192.168.1.1 # default for jupiter is solaris
# route to saturn-net
up   route add -net 192.168.3.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 gw 192.168.1.4
down route del -net 192.168.3.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 gw 192.168.1.4

# Interface in jupiter-net is much simpler

auto eth0
iface eth1 inet static
address 192.168.2.1
netmask 255.255.255.0

The Linux command netstat gives a lot of useful information on your network. In the following 3 questions, reproduce the output of various usages of netstat. You should annotate your results with a brief explanation of what they mean. You may need to print the output and attach to the submission.

Give and explain the output of the command netstat -r.

Answer <cli prompt=“$” comment=“#”> user@host:~$ netstat -r

Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags MSS Window irtt Iface jupiter-net * 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 link-local * 255.255.0.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 default jupiter.icct.co 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0

</cli>

The command “netstat -r” displays kernal routing table.

Give and explain the output of the command netstat -i.

Answer <cli prompt=“$” comment=“#”>

# Paste result here…. Kernel Interface table Iface MTU Met RX-OK RX-ERR RX-DRP RX-OVR TX-OK TX-ERR TX-DRP TX-OVR Flg eth0 1500 0 3615 0 0 2 3024 0 0 0 BMRU lo 16436 0 7 0 0 0 7 0 0 0 LRU

</cli>

The command “netstat -i” displays statistic for the network interface,

Give and explain the output of the command netstat -ta.

Answer <cli prompt=“$” comment=“#”> user@host:~$ netstat -ta

Active Internet connections (servers and established) Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State tcp 0 0 *:ssh *:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 callisto:ipp *:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 callisto.jupiter.:43527 74.125.164.145:www ESTABLISHED tcp 0 0 callisto.jupiter.:59490 server77-68-39-12.l:www TIME_WAIT tcp 0 0 callisto.jupiter.:59491 server77-68-39-12.l:www TIME_WAIT tcp 0 0 callisto.jupiter.:59487 server77-68-39-12.l:www TIME_WAIT tcp 0 0 callisto.jupiter.:59488 server77-68-39-12.l:www TIME_WAIT tcp 0 0 callisto.jupiter.:59492 server77-68-39-12.l:www ESTABLISHED tcp 0 0 callisto.jupiter.:55382 wy-in-f139.1e100.ne:www ESTABLISHED tcp6 0 0 [::]:ssh [::]:* LISTEN tcp6 0 0 localhost:ipp [::]:* LISTEN </cli>

Command netstat -ta displays active and passive sockets.

Install, if necessary, the traceroute command then answer the following two questions.

Give the output of traceroute from your host to any host on one of the other ICCT networks.

Answer <cli prompt=“$” comment=“#”> icct@callisto:~$ traceroute -n 192.168.2.2 traceroute to 192.168.2.2 (192.168.2.2), 30 hops max, 60 byte packets 1 192.168.2.2 0.082 ms 0.013 ms 0.012 ms

</cli>

Give the output of traceroute from your host to www.swan.ac.uk

Answer <cli prompt=“$” comment=“#”> icct@callisto:~$ traceroute -n www.swan.ac.uk traceroute to www.swan.ac.uk (137.44.1.7), 30 hops max, 60 byte packets 1 192.168.2.1 0.206 ms 0.194 ms 0.151 </cli>

Explain the result.

A new sub-network engineering-net (192.168.10.0/24) is to be added to the ICCT network. Host engineering (192.168.10.1/32) is a cluster server for this new network. Give the settings needed to set up this host as a router to icct-net, jupiter-net, and saturn-net and a gateway for engineering-net.

Answer

Which other files would you need to modify to correctly set up this new router?

Answer

Summarize the changes that you would you need to make to your host's network configuration to have the new engineering sub-network recognized?

Answer

Which other files would you need to modify to fully configure your host to recognizes the new engineering sub-network?

Answer

I hereby submit this work for marking.

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