This wiki page allows you to record the results of your network configuration exercise. You may need to refer to the configuration handout to complete this document.

Answer all questions based on the host that you are configuring in the lab. Edit this wiki page directly to insert your answers. You will probably find this most convenient to do at the same time as you perform the configuration. Where requested, please include listings of the actual configuration files and command outputs directly in the document. Placeholders have been provided for this purpose. Please follow the formatting hints given in the text.

When the exercise is complete you should sign and submit it in for marking. Deadline for completion is the start of the lab on the last week of this term.

This exercise is worth 20% of the module marks.

Which Linux command gives you information about your computer's name on the network?

Answer (delete as appropriate):

 
hostname 

Use the command selected in Question 1 to determine your host computer's name? What is the name?

Answer:

tethys

Which configuration file would you need to edit to change your computer's name on the network?

Your answer (one of):

 
/etc/hosts 

Which linux command gives you information on your host's network settings?

Answer one of:

ifconfig

Use the command selected in Question 4 to complete the following table:

How many hosts can the sub-net defined by your host's netmask support?

Answer one of:

254 

What class of network is the sub-net to which your host has been assigned?

Answer one of:

Class C 

Answer the following questions about your network configuration. Please copy and paste the contents of the files identified in Questions 8 and 11 to your submission.

In which file is the configuration of your Network Interface Controller (NIC) configured?

Answer one of:

/etc/network/interfaces 

Please include a listing of the file chosen in answer to Question 8:

Copy contents of file and paste it as a listing here. 
Include a minumum indent of two spaces per line.
Like this. 

auto eth0 
iface eth0 inet static 
address 192.168.3.8 
network 192.168.3.0 
netmask 255.255.255.0 
gateway 192.168.3.1 

What is the IP address of the host which serves as the default gateway for your network?

Answer: 192.168.1.1

What is the hostname of the gateway interface?

Answer: solaris

In which file is the symbolic names of the networks, hosts and interfaces available on the network defined?

Answer one of:

/etc/hosts 

Please include a listing of the file chosen in answer to Question 11:

Copy contents of file and paste it as a listing here. 
Include a minumum indent of two spaces per line.
Like this. 

127.0.0.1       localhost.localdomain   localhost 
127.0.1.1       icct-desktop 

# /etc/hosts -- Hosts file for ICCT Private network 
# 
# IP          FQDN                       aliases 
# 
# 
192.168.1.1   solaris.icct.co            solaris inet-gateway 
192.168.1.2   venus.icct.com             venus www 
# 
# Jupiter cluster 
# 
192.168.1.3   gw-jupiter.icct.com        gw-planets jupiter-if1 
192.168.2.1   jupiter.icct.com           jupiter jupiter-if2 
192.168.2.5   arche.jupiter.icct.com     arche 
192.168.2.3   leda.jupiter.icct.com      leda 
192.168.2.2   ganymede.jupiter.icct.com  ganymede 
192.168.2.4   came.jupiter.icct.com      came 
# 
# Saturn cluster 
# 
192.168.1.4   gw-saturn.icct.com         gw-saturn saturn-if1 
192.168.3.1   saturn.icct.com            saturn saturn-if2 
192.168.3.2   hyperion.saturn.icct.com   hyperion 
192.168.3.3   mimas.saturn.icct.com      mimas 
192.168.3.4   dione.saturn.icct.com      dione 
192.168.3.8   tethys.saturn.icct.com     tethys 
192.168.3.5   titan.saturn.icct.com      titan 
192.168.3.2   hyperion.saturn.icct.com   hyperion 
192.168.3.3   mimas.saturn.icct.com      mimas 
192.168.3.4   dione.saturn.icct.com      dione 
192.168.3.8   tethys.saturn.icct.com     tethys 
192.168.3.5   titan.saturn.icct.com      titan 
# 
# Add other hosts/clusters below here 
# (we'll use this to add virtual hosts to the web-server in a later 
# lab exercise) 

# The following lines are desirable for IPv6 capable hosts 
::1 ip6-localhost ip6-loopback 
fe00::0 ip6-localnet 
ff00::0 ip6-mcastprefix 
ff02::1 ip6-allnodes 
ff02::2 ip6-allrouters 
ff02::3 ip6-allhosts 

What is the symbolic name of your network's gateway interface?

Answer: Venus

What is the purpose of the Gateway interface?

Answer: To route messages between the networks and allow them to communicate with each other and the internet gateway.

Which linux command shows the routing table for your host?

Answer: netstat -r

Run the command identified in Question 14 and reproduce its output here.

Answer

<cli prompt=“$” comment=“#”>

icct@tethys:~$ netstat -r
Kernel IP routing table
Destination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags   MSS Window  irtt Iface
saturn-net      *               255.255.255.0   U         0 0          0 eth0
169.254.0.0     *               255.255.0.0     U         0 0          0 eth0
default         saturn.icct.com 0.0.0.0         UG        0 0          0 eth0

</cli>

How many interfaces (NICs) must a router have?

Answer one of:

2 

Which system feature must be turned on if you want a Linux host to act as a router?

Answer: IP forwarding

Which run-time command can be used to make a Ubuntu Linux host act as a router?

Answer: sudo sh -c “echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward”

In which file is the setting defined in Question 17 set if you want a Ubuntu host to be configured as a router at boot-time?

Answer: /etc/network/options

Reproduce the contents of the file defined in Question 17 to make a Ubuntu host into a router?

Answer

# /etc/network/options - for ICCT network
# set ip_forward=yes if you need to set
# up a machine with two network interface cards
# as a router
ip_forward=yes
spoofprotect=yes
syncookies=no

What setting has been added to the network configuration file to define a route to icct-net from your sub-network's cluster-server?

Answer:

# This file describes the network interfaces available on your system
# and how to activate them. For more information, see interfaces(5).

# This is Saturn

# The loopback network interface
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

# The primary network interface
auto eth0
#iface eth0 inet dhcp
iface eth0 inet static
address 192.168.1.4
network 192.168.1.0
netmask 255.255.255.0
gateway 192.168.1.1
# route to jupiter-net
up route add -net 192.168.2.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 gw 192.168.1.3
down route del -net 192.168.2.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 gw 192.168.1.3

# Interface in saturn.net is much simpler
auto eth1
#iface eth1 inet dhcp
iface eth1 inet static
address 192.168.3.1
netmask 255.255.255.0
network 192.168.3.0
gateway 192.168.1.4

# Uncomment following to enable 3rd interface
#auto eth1
#iface eth1 inet dhcp

The Linux command netstat gives a lot of useful information on your network. In the following 3 questions, reproduce the output of various usages of netstat. You should annotate your results with a brief explanation of what they mean. You may need to print the output and attach to the submission.

Give and explain the output of the command netstat -r.

Answer <cli prompt=“$” comment=“#”>

icct@tethys:~$ netstat -r
Kernel IP routing table
Destination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags   MSS Window  irtt Iface
saturn-net      *               255.255.255.0   U         0 0          0 eth0
169.254.0.0     *               255.255.0.0     U         0 0          0 eth0
default         saturn.icct.com 0.0.0.0         UG        0 0          0 eth0

</cli>

This gives the routing table for the network.

Give and explain the output of the command netstat -i.

Answer <cli prompt=“$” comment=“#”>

icct@tethys:~$ netstat -i
Kernel Interface table
Iface   MTU Met   RX-OK RX-ERR RX-DRP RX-OVR    TX-OK TX-ERR TX-DRP TX-OVR Flg
eth0       1500 0      9031      0      0 0          7883      0      0      0 BMRU
lo        16436 0        12      0      0 0            12      0      0      0 LRU

</cli>

This shows the statistics for the currently configured network interfaces.

Give and explain the output of the command netstat -ta.

Answer <cli prompt=“$” comment=“#”>

icct@tethys:~$ netstat -ta
Active Internet connections (servers and established)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address           Foreign Address         State      
tcp        0      0 localhost.localdoma:ipp *:*                     LISTEN     
tcp        1      0 tethys.saturn.icc:54310 174.36.133.240-stat:www CLOSE_WAIT 
tcp6       0      0 ip6-localhost:ipp       [::]:*                  LISTEN  

</cli>

This shows a list of all the servers that are connected to the system as well as sockets that are waiting for a connection.

Install, if necessary, the traceroute command then answer the following two questions.

Give the output of traceroute from your host to any host on one of the other ICCT networks.

Answer <cli prompt=“$” comment=“#”>

icct@tethys:~$ traceroute -n 192.168.2.4
traceroute to 192.168.2.4 (192.168.2.4), 30 hops max, 60 byte packets
 1  192.168.3.1  0.270 ms  0.262 ms  0.255 ms
 2  192.168.1.3  0.807 ms  0.808 ms  0.802 ms
 3  192.168.2.4  1.105 ms  1.104 ms  1.098 ms

</cli>

Give the output of traceroute from your host to www.swan.ac.uk

Answer

icct@tethys:~$ traceroute -n www.swan.ac.uk
traceroute to www.swan.ac.uk (137.44.1.7), 30 hops max, 60 byte packets
 1  192.168.3.1  0.267 ms  0.254 ms  0.491 ms
 2  * * *
 3  * * *
 4  * * *
 5  * * *
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30  * * *

</cli>

The box will not allow ping's to respond, there fore after the first hop there is no response and so no results.

A new sub-network engineering-net (192.168.10.0/24) is to be added to the ICCT network. Host engineering (192.168.10.1/32) is a cluster server for this new network. Give the settings needed to set up this host as a router to icct-net, jupiter-net, and saturn-net and a gateway for engineering-net. user@host:~$ command # paste output here Answer

Which other files would you need to modify to correctly set up this new router?

Answer

Summarize the changes that you would you need to make to your host's network configuration to have the new engineering sub-network recognized?

Answer

Which other files would you need to modify to fully configure your host to recognizes the new engineering sub-network?

Answer

I hereby submit this work for marking.

Your signature here: