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--- eg-253:networkq:574487 [2011/11/24 16:52] – [Question 20] emmanuel
+++ eg-253:networkq:574487 [2011/12/08 14:58] (current) – [Signature] emmanuel
@@ Line 169: / Line 169: @@
 .0.0.1       ganymede        localhost.localdomain   localhost
 .0.1.1       icct-desktop
 # /etc/hosts -- Hosts file for ICCT Private network
 #
 # IP          FQDN                       aliases
 #
 .0.0.1     localhost.localdomain      localhost mimas
 #
 .168.1.1   solaris.icct.com            solaris inet-gateway
 .168.1.2   venus.icct.com             venus www
 .0.0.1     localhost.localdomain      localhost mimas
 #
 .168.1.1   solaris.icct.com            solaris inet-gateway
 .168.1.2   venus.icct.com             venus www
 #
 # Jupiter cluster
 #
 .168.1.3   gw-jupiter.icct.com        gw-jupiter jupiter-if1
 .168.2.1   jupiter.icct.com           jupiter jupiter-if2
-  GNU nano 2.2.2              File: /etc/hosts                        Modified
 # Jupiter cluster
 #
 .168.1.3   gw-jupiter.icct.com        gw-jupiter jupiter-if1
 .168.2.1   jupiter.icct.com           jupiter jupiter-if2
 .168.2.2   ganymede.jupiter.icct.com  ganymede
 .168.2.3   leda.jupiter.icct.com      leda
 .168.2.4   carme.jupiter.icct.com     carme
 .168.2.5   arche.jupiter.icct.com     arche
 #
 # Saturn cluster
 #
 .168.1.4   gw-saturn.icct.com         gw-saturn saturn-if1
 .168.3.1   saturn.icct.com            saturn saturn-if2
+.168.3.2   hyperion.saturn.icct.com   hyperion
-# Saturn cluster
-#
-.168.1.4   gw-saturn.icct.com         gw-saturn saturn-if1
-.168.3.1   saturn.icct.com            saturn saturn-if2
-.168.3.2   hyperion.saturn.icct.com   hyperion
 .168.3.3   mimas.saturn.icct.com      mimas
 .168.3.4   dione.saturn.icct.com      dione
 .168.3.5   titan.saturn.icct.com      titan
 .168.3.8   tethys.saturn.icct.com     tethys
+#
+# The following lines are desirable for IPv6 capable hosts
+::1     localhost ip6-localhost ip6-loopback
+fe00::0 ip6-localnet
+ff00::0 ip6-mcastprefix
+ff02::1 ip6-allnodes
+ff02::2 ip6-allrouters
+ff02::3 ip6-allhosts
-#
-# The following lines are desirable for IPv6 capable hosts
-::1     localhost ip6-localhost ip6-loopback
-fe00::0 ip6-localnet
-ff00::0 ip6-mcastprefix
-ff02::1 ip6-allnodes
-ff02::2 ip6-allrouters
-ff02::3 ip6-allhosts
 ==== Question 12 ====
@@ Line 369: / Line 273: @@
 What is the purpose of the Gateway interface?
-**Answer**:
+**Answer**: A gateway interface allows two or more computers to use the Internet at the same time. While doing so, only the gateway's IP address will be visible on the Internet. The rest of the computers will be “hidden” behind the gateway. This is called IP masquerading.
@@ Line 458: / Line 362: @@
 <cli prompt="$" comment="#">
 icct@ganymede:~$ netstat -r
 Kernel IP routing table
 Destination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags   MSS Window  irtt Iface
 jupiter-net     *               255.255.255.0   U         0 0          0 eth0
 .254.0.0     *               255.255.0.0     U         0 0          0 eth0
+default         jupiter.icct.co 0.0.0.0         UG        0 0          0 eth0
-default         jupiter.icct.co 0.0.0.0
 </cli>
@@ Line 481: / Line 381: @@
 **Answer**
 <cli prompt="$" comment="#">
-user@host:~$ netstat -r
+icct@ganymede:~$ netstat -i
-# Paste result here....
+Kernel Interface table
+Iface   MTU Met   RX-OK RX-ERR RX-DRP RX-OVR    TX-OK TX-ERR TX-DRP TX-OVR Flg
+eth0       1500 0      7220      0      0 0          5276      0      0      0 BMRU
+lo        16436 0        12      0      0 0            12      0      0      0 LRU
+.
 </cli>
 Add your explanation here.
+netstat -i displays a table of all network interfaces.
@@ Line 494: / Line 401: @@
 **Answer**
 <cli prompt="$" comment="#">
-user@host:~$ netstat -r
+icct@ganymede:~$ netstat -ta
-# Paste result here....
+Active Internet connections (servers and established)
+Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address           Foreign Address         State
+tcp        0      0 ganymede:mysql          *:*                     LISTEN
+tcp        0      0 *:www                   *:*                     LISTEN
+tcp        0      0 *:ssh                   *:*                     LISTEN
+tcp        0      0 ganymede:ipp            *:*                     LISTEN
+tcp        0      0 ganymede.jupiter.:36541 174.36.133.240-stat:www TIME_WAIT
+tcp        0      0 ganymede.jupiter.:36538 174.36.133.240-stat:www TIME_WAIT
+tcp6       0      0 [::]:ssh                [::]:*                  LISTEN
+tcp6       0      0 localhost:ipp           [::]:*                  LISTEN
 </cli>
 Add your explanation here.
+shows all active internet connections and their current state.
 ===== Testing the Connectivity of your network =====
@@ Line 510: / Line 428: @@
 **Answer**
 <cli prompt="$" comment="#">
-user@host:~$ command
+icct@ganymede:~$ traceroute mimas
-# paste output here
+traceroute to mimas (127.0.0.1), 30 hops max, 60 byte packets
+  ganymede (127.0.0.1)  0.017 ms  0.004 ms  0.004 ms
 </cli>
@@ Line 523: / Line 443: @@
 **Answer**
 <cli prompt="$" comment="#">
-user@host:~$ command
+icct@ganymede:~$ traceroute www.swan.ac.uk
-# paste output here
+traceroute to www.swan.ac.uk (137.44.1.7), 30 hops max, 60 byte packets
+  jupiter.icct.com (192.168.2.1)  0.539 ms  0.533 ms  0.527 ms
+  * * *
+  * * *
+  * * *
+  * * *
+  * * *
+  * * *
+  * * *
+  * * *
+  * * *
+  * * *
+  * * *
+  * * *
+  * * *
+  * * *
 </cli>
 Explain the result.
+traceroute is not forwarding the pings to the corresponding network,thereby leaves a dead connection.
 ===== Extension Questions =====
@@ Line 538: / Line 480: @@
 **Answer**
+For all of the computer we have to edit the /etc/hosts and add;
+.168.10.1 engineering.swan-icct.ac.uk gw-engineering engineering-if2
+If there are some clients in the engineering network we have to define them also.
 ==== Question 26 ====
@@ Line 544: / Line 491: @@
 **Answer**
+/etc/hosts
+/etc/networks
+/etc/network/interfaces
+/etc/network/options
 ==== Question 27 ====
@@ Line 551: / Line 504: @@
 **Answer**
+address 192.168.1.4
+network 192.168.1.0
+netmask 255.255.255.0
+gateway 192.168.1.1
+# route to jupiter-net
+up route add -net 192.168.2.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 gw 192.168.1.3
+down ro/etc/network/interfacesute del -net 192.168.2.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 gw 192.168.1.3
 ==== Question 27 ====
@@ Line 557: / Line 522: @@
 **Answer**
+/etc/resolve.conf
+/etc/hosts
+/etc/nsswitch.conf
+/etc/network/interfaces
-===== Signature =====
 I hereby submit this work for marking.
-Your signature here:
+Your signature here: --- //[[574487@swansea.ac.uk|emmanuel]] 2011/12/08 08:57//===== Signature =====